I think c4dtomax won't fit your needs. The plugin c4dtomax needs to be updated in near future, the others supports animation (not complex rig)
Thanks for keeping us in the loop.
In that case I would suggest doing a few tests with FBX (simple rigs or point cache), USD, and maybe alembic but not sure about the material process with alembic. Off the top of my head theoretically you should be able to take geometry back and forth with fbx/usd and do the materials in 3dsmax in this case, as long as you have some consistency along the way (potentially material names or some kind of object data to track things).
As an example when I worked in the tv/commercial industry the Animation team would use Maya and point cache out the mesh, then the Set team (us) would import that into the 3dsmax scene, run a small script that picks up the materials saved to a .mat file and apply it to the characters by material/object name. Not sure the extent of your situation but you could always do some proof of concept for your client in c4d - sign off, go to max for materials/light - sign off etc. Caveat is obviously animation changes and re-import/export at a later point so if this is an ongoing project, scripts will certainly be of good use. This could also be overkill for your situation but just some ideas to chew on.