I am not sure, but I think this may be caused by some kind of non-solid geometry (something non-capped, like a flat plane) with volumetrics enabled. In such case, when the camera enters that object's volume, this changes how IOR is calculated which can result in changes in other objects reflections and refraction.
To troubleshoot this, you can try running interactive rendering, moving the camera to the position where the issue appears, and then hiding your scene objects one by one. If you hide the problematic object, the issue should go away. If that's the case, you can:
- hide the problematic object forever (if possible)
- change the problematic object's material - for example disabling refraction or switching from solid to thin refraction mode - the idea is to make sure that the camera is not inside some non-capped volume with an IOR value other than 1.0
- capping the problematic object or giving it some thickness
Another idea to approach this would be to hide all objects except the camera and unhide all other objects one by one.