Indeed, most of them are rated very conservatively, but even those conservatives estimates are very hard to reach. I would absolutely not worry about this at all today.
850 Evo is still the best price/performance available in my opinion.
M.2 is just form factor what matters is the actual interface, PCI-e or SATA (SATA is both interface and form factor). Some drives like 850 Evo are available in form factor of M.2 or SATA, but the speed is the same because the internal interface is always SATA.
And yup, you got me right, PCI-e drives are much faster than even 10GBe network can use, it's 1200 MB/s vs 2700+ MB/s. But these super speeds are very workload specific and niche in nature. Copying huge amount of video/photography data ? Benefits. Loading tons of small textures and bunch of 1-2GB scenes ? No benefit at all.
So definitely good idea to stay with SATA drives for file server in meantime. Unless you can score some good deal :- ).
PCI-e drives are good idea for system storage but even there the performance benefit is often questionable as what trully matter is random access/write speed of small data, and that is where only Optane drives from Intel currently dominate, at exhorbitant prices (let's wait 2-3 more years before we jump at this).