Hello guys. I have a problem with understanding how to create materials with scattering and absorption. For example I want to create a semi-transparent rubber material for shoes like this:

Or this:

So in the first example: I guess the diffuse material should be green and there is a bit of translucency, right? Or refraction? Or both? And now I also don't know how to set absorption color, distance and scattering color. If the distance is bigger then the material gets brighter because light can travel further inside it? And what about absorption and scattering colors? Should one of them be lighter green? And the second one should be... I have no idea. I don't know if this topic is that hard or am I the only one who has such big problem with understanding it:/
In the second picture I don't even know how to start - should I set the diffuse color? And should I enable translucency or just refraction or both? And how about... just all the question like in the first example.
Could someone write how would you make those materials in points, step by step so I could understand it? Like: 1. Set the diffuse color to ... because... 2. Set the translucency to ... because... 3. etc. I Would be very very thankful and I can even pay someone or send to someone a beer for helping me with understanding it. Thanks!