The cause is a Falloff, which is set to Perpendicular / Parallel to the Camera Z axis. I guess something about the camera being 360 then messes with the concept of a falloff relative to the camera view.
To diagnose, override the scene materials. Note that the scene now renders fine, so it must be a material causing the issue.
I then went through and disabled groups of objects (with the material override off now, so back to scene materials) til I found the scene rendering normally. Then I went through that group 1 by 1 to find which object it was. Then I drilled into the group and disabled parts of it til I found which parts caused the effect, then I looked at their materials. To confirm, I pulled the Falloff off the input to the Light Material.
The object is Lampada elle 01, specifically the Line objects in there (other than Line 40), which are painted with Material #2146932588. Remove the Falloff from there (or set it to something not based on the angle to the camera) and your scene should be fine.