Yeah, it's without a doubt bit confusing, but I am afraid it's not easily possible to have it realtime. As long as you use backplate for shadowcatcher or even just reflections or refractions, you have to re-render. Those exact color values at given time on the backplate are used by corona to calculate how much reflection, GI, etc... shadowcatcher reflects.
Changing any color value of backplate that's mapped on shadowcatcher geo or used as reflection/refraction environment is as much of a change as changing diffuse color of a material... it can't be done without rendering. :) Simply put, corona needs to know these values prior to rendering to know what exact color the "material" of the shadowcatcher is.
There's a little bit of a workaround, that could make your life at least little bit easier. Just run Interactive renderer, and anytime you change color mapping stuff around, just move timeline slider to different keyframe. That will force IR to reload scene and backplate will update. It's still not optimal, but should be a bit more comfortable than mashing F9 key all the time :)