Be sure to check C4D tutorials for understanding animation in C4D itself. For Corona, an animation is much the same as a still, and most things animation-related happen in the host software.
1. Sequence of stills, always. Not just crashes and power cuts but also if you get to the end and find the video compression is too high (artifacts) or too low (file size too large), you have to render again from the beginning if you used an animated file format, but you just re-encode in your video editor if you used a sequence of stills. So lots of benefits from stills, zero benefits from rendering to animation format.
2. Yes, this works same as saving stills, so long as you set save multipasses.
3. There is the same article for C4D at
https://help.c4d.corona-renderer.com/support/solutions/articles/12000005458-how-to-use-uhd-cache-in-corona-renderer-for-c4d- and it's the same thing, you use Load + Append along with Save, and just set the frames to render in the regular C4D render settings.
4. Shutter speed no difference to render time, DOF raises render time vs. no DOF, and stronger DOF raises render time. Same as stills.
5. All tips on shortening render time are same as for stills.
6. Since there are no settings that are different for Corona other than UHD Cache, there are no animation specific tutorials :) Again it's "the same as for stills" (as animations are just a series of still images played very fast, whether you render to image sequence or animation file format)
